Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a rather specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes with a belt character, fetid stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main treatment areas for the disease. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is necessary to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be sparing. Basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - food should be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes should be crushed, which facilitates the process of digesting food;
- permitted cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh fruits and vegetables are completely prohibited, eg. not cooked;
- the permissible daily volume of salt is not more than 5 grams;
- it is mandatory to take infusions and decoctions on rosehip berries;
- dishes served on the table should be hot - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- Preservation, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / highly salty foods and products are absolutely forbidden.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Permitted and prohibited products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich broths of meat, fish and mushrooms, as well as complex soups: cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Dairy and cold are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat / rye flour baked goods, puffs and pastries, fried butter cakes, tortillas.
- Fatty meats - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned foods and smoked meats.
- A fish. Fatty, smoked, salty varieties are prohibited.
- Milk and high-fat lactic acid products.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard-boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnip, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy seasonings.
- Coffee, strong tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for every day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. It:
- dry bread, biscuits, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of vegetable purees - potatoes, zucchini, squash, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steamed cutlets, soufflé, dumplings, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat varieties of fish: cod, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - are used to make cereals, casseroles, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelette without yolks;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, squash, cauliflower, carrots, peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, baked apples;
- sauces - dairy products and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not skipped);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak lemon tea, natural mineral water, rosehip decoction, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what kind of diet is recommended for the patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is the 5P couch. During the first two to four days, complete hunger is recommended for a person. Only liquid intake is allowed: a decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient moves on to nutritional therapy. The menu may include unsalted, but carbohydrate-rich dishes.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included on the menu:
- steamed omelette with proteins;
- meat soufflé;
- fish and meat dumplings;
- pureed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- fruit drinks from rosehip berries, cranberries, black currants;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of melted honey, plums and raisins.
Indicative weekly menu
When drawing up a menu for a week, it should be remembered that the patient's diet should be varied. When developing a menu for a patient for the whole week, the following recommendations can be used.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beets and compote of dried fruit, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rosehip berries, a steam omelet without yolks, weak tea with biscuits, flour d grated oats and berry jelly, pumpkin porridge, rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip broth, buckwheat puree, compote.
Second breakfast: well boiled rice polenta with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, baked apple stuffed with dried apricots, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beetroot, baked apple with sugar.
Vegetarian soups are allowed for lunch, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, fried. Snack options: allowed fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, sandwiches with butter and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenet, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelette, fermented cooked milk, porridge pudding low-fat rice and yogurt.
By alternating dishes, you can create a "tasty" weekly menu that will provide the sick person's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimal nutritional load. Below you can find the recipes of some dishes.
Nutrition for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, the menu may include:
- slimy soups made from rice, oatmeal, or semolina;
- mashed polenta, boiled in water, it is strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- mashed boiled meat, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed oatmeal, rice and semolina, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beets - with adding milk or cream, steamed soufflé, cutlets, etc. minced meat and fish dumplings.
The strict option is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. After the condition stabilizes, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The guiding principles of diet in children are fragmentation, the highest degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Small portions, if served frequently, prevent the child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
The daily calorie intake is calculated based on the weight and age of the child. At the stage of remission, the menu may include fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without adding meat, fish - boiled or baked, boiled vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is allowed to give the baby marshmallows, jam, jam, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the baby.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
beef pudding
Grind the boiled beef pulp (130g) in a blender bowl. Add the semolina (10 g), the whipped egg white, the egg yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add some salt crystals. Grease the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a water bath.
Fish dumplings
Grind the lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of the dry loaf and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with the minced meat, add a couple of beaten proteins. Add the salt and mix thoroughly. Shape into balls with two spoons and boil them in salted water until tender. It will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until completely cooked the potatoes (2 pieces), carrots and half a courgette. Drain the broth into a separate bowl and chop the vegetables into a puree using a blender. Pour the puree with the broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve hot with a spoonful of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass must be divided into two fillets. Boil the first and pass it through a sieve. Grind the second part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, put egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Divide into portion molds and steam.
Chicken souffle
Grind the boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add the egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then gently add the whipped whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass in a mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packs of gelatin according to the instructions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam some peeled bananas and peaches. Put the foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the cake into layers: cookie crumbs, yogurt cream with jelly, banana and peach puree. Alternative layers. Put the sweetness in the refrigerator to solidify the gelatin.
Compliance with the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving persistent and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the correct approach to development, can be quite diverse and fully meet all the needs of the body.